Proton

by Jean-Jacques Serra
listing by Gunter Krebs
The first activity of the Chelomei OKB-52 located at Reoutov near Moscow was navy missiles manufacturing. In 1959 it started producing the solid propulsion UR-96 ABM and the UR-100 (SS-11 Sego) ICBM with stockable liquid propellant. The Miassichtchev OKB-23 and the Latvotchkin OKB-301 were joined to it in 1960 and 1962 respectively.


First generation Proton

Chelomei started developping the heavy launcher UR-500 (SL-9/D) in 1961. The production started in 1962 in the Khrounitchev factory in Fili.

The first stage had a bundle structure like the US Saturn 1: 6 UDMH tanks of about 1.8 m diameter surrounder a 4.1 m diameter NTO tank. It was powered by 6 adjustable RD-253 motors (Glouchko, NPO Energomash) of 1460 kN thrust at ground level each (SI : 317 s, 1635 kN in vacuum). The thrust of the current version of those motors (modified in 1986) is 1475 kN at ground level and 1745 kN in vacuum.

The second stage of 4.15 m diameter features a bloc of 4 RD-0210 motors (Kosberg, KB Khimautomatiki) consuming the same propellant. Each motor provided 583 kN thrust (Specific Impulsion: 327 s) during 210 seconds.

The UR-500 rocket (8K82) was 38.7 m high, weighed 562 tons and could place 12.5 tons payload on low Earth orbit. It was fired four times from Tyouratam (Baikonur): 2 in 1965 and 2 in 1966 and resulted in 3 successes ( Proton).


Four stages Proton (D1e / SL12)

The 4-stage RU-500K was originally developped to flyby the Moon with a manned capsule. Therefore the UR-500 was equipped with 2 upper stages resulting in a 690 tons and 58 meters rocket.

The third stage (Chelomei, KB Saliout) had the same diameter as the second. It was propulsed by a single 4-vernier RD-0210 motor. Its thrust was 630 kN during 250 seconds.

The Block-D fourth stage (Korolev, NPO Energia) was derived from the Korolev's N1 lunar launcher where it was the fith stage. It consumed oxygen and kerosene with a integrated-flux motor. The latter was refirable and provided 85 kN thrust (SI = 352 s) during 600 seconds. This stage was used until 1976 for interplanetary probes. From 1974 on , a modified version called Block-DM was introduced for GEO launched, then followed by a DM2 version in 1982 and and DM3 in 1996.
Nowadays it seems the motor is RD-58

The 8K82K launcher introduced in 1967 was used for:
- lunar probes (Zond, Luna, up to 5.7 tons) and interplanetary probes (up to 4.6 tons to Mars and 5.3 tons to Venus)
- geostationary telecommunication satellites ( Raduga, Ekran, Gorizont and then Luch, Gals, Express), meteorological satellite (Electro) and early warning satellite (in the Cosmos series) up to 2.4 tons.


Three stages Proton (SL13/D1)

The Proton launcher was also used in a 3-stage version to orbit payloads up to 21 tons (LEO at 200 km, 51.6° inclination)

After it's first flight in 1968 to orbit Proton 4, this version launched:
- the space stations of the manned programs (Saliout, Mir) and derived (Almaz)
- TKS type vessels (Cosmos Merkur, Kvant, Kristall, etc...)

Note: a modernized version named Proton M is announced for 1996-97. It should have new guidance systems and enhanced 2nd and 3rd stage motors. A cryogenic 4th stage is planned, so as a 5th stage derived from the Rokot Briz.

The Proton launcher is marketed by International Launch Services (ILS)

In 2018 ILS announced the launch of Proton Medium: a 2-stage version to launch satellites in the 3.5 to 6 tons range. Two payload fairings: 4.35 and 5.2 meter

The Proton rocket program should be ended in 2025

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Proton launches

#	Launch id	Payload	Launch date	Type	Status (orbit in perigee x apogee x inc. x period)
1	65054	Proton 1	16 Jul 1965
2	65087	Proton 2	2 Nov 1965
3	n/a	Proton (3a)	24 Mar 1966		Failure
4	66060	Proton 3	6 Jul 1966
5	67021	Cosmos 146 [L1 2]	10 Mar 1967	K Block-D	Partial failure: Stage 4 failed
6	67032	Cosmos 154 [L1 3]	8 Apr 1967	K Block-D	Partial failure: Stage 4 failed
7	n/a	Zond (4a) [L1 4]	28 Sep 1967	K Block-D	Failure: Stage 1 failed
8	n/a	Zond (4b) [L1 5]	21 Nov 1967	K Block-D	Failure: Stage 2 failed
9	68013	Zond 4 [L1 6]	2 Mar 1968	K Block-D
10	n/a	Zond (5a) [L1 7]	22 Apr 1968	K Block-D	Failure: Stage 2 failed at max Q
11	68076	Zond 5 [L1 9]	14 Sep 1968	K Block-D
12	68101	Zond 6 [L1 10]	10 Nov 1968	K Block-D
13	68103	Proton 4	16 Nov 1968	K
14	n/a	Zond (7a) [L1 11]	19 Jan 1969	K Block-D	Failure
15	n/a	Luna (15a) (Lunokhod [1])	19 Feb 1969	K Block-D	Failure
16	n/a	Mars (2b)	27 Mar 1969	K Block-D	Failure
17	n/a	Mars (2c)	2 Apr 1969	K Block-D	Failure
18	n/a	Luna (15b)	14 Apr 1969	K Block-D	Failure
19	n/a	Luna (15c)	4 Jun 1969	K Block-D	Failure
20	69058	Luna 15	13 Jul 1969	K Block-D
21	69067	Zond 7 [L1 12]	7 Aug 1969	K Block-D
22	68080	Cosmos 300 [Luna (16a)]	23 Sep 1969	K Block-D	Partial failure: Stage 4 failed
23	69092	Cosmos 305 [Luna (16b)]	22 Oct 1969	K Block-D	Partial failure: Stage 4 failed
24	n/a	Cosmos (311) [L1E 1, T1K #1]	16 Nov 1969	K Block-D	Failure
25	n/a	Cosmos (323)	6 Feb 1970	K Block-D	Failure
26	n/a	(?)	8 Aug 1970	K	Failure
27	70072	Luna 16	12 Sep 1970	K Block-D
28	70088	Zond 8 [L1 13]	20 Oct 1970	K Block-D
29	70095	Luna 17 (Lunokhod 1)	10 Nov 1970	K Block-D
30	70103	Cosmos 382 [L1E 2, T1K #2]	2 Dec 1970	K Block-D
31	71032	Salyut 1 [DOS 1]	19 Apr 1971	K
32	71042	Cosmos 419 [Mars (2d)]	10 May 1971	K Block-D	Partial failure: Stage 4 failed to ignite due to timer programming error
33	71045	Mars 2	19 May 1971	K Block-D
34	71049	Mars 3	28 May 1971	K Block-D
35	71073	Luna 18	2 Sep 1971	K Block-D
36	71082	Luna 19	28 Sep 1971	K Block-D
37	72007	Luna 20	14 Feb 1972	K Block-D
38	n/a	Salyut (2) [DOS 2]	29 Jul 1972	K	Failure: Stage 2 lost controll after 162 sec
39	73001	Luna 21 (Lunokhod 2)	8 Jan 1973	K Block-D
40	73017	Salyut 2 [OPS 1]	3 Apr 1973	K
41	73026	Cosmos 557 [Salyut (3), DOS 3]	11 May 1973	K
42	73047	Mars 4	21 Jul 1973	K Block-D
43	73049	Mars 5	25 Jul 1973	K Block-D
44	73052	Mars 6	5 Aug 1973	K Block-D
45	73053	Mars 7	9 Aug 1973	K Block-D
46	74017	Cosmos 0637	26 Mar 1974	K Block-DM
47	74037	Luna 22	29 May 1974	K Block-D
48	74046	Salyut 3 [OPS 2]	24 Jun 1974	K
49	74060	Molniya 1-S	29 Jul 1974	K Block-DM
50	74084	Luna 23	28 Oct 1974	K Block-D
51	74104	Salyut 4 [DOS 4]	26 Dec 1974	K
52	75050	Venera 9	8 Jun 1975	K Block-D
53	75054	Venera 10	14 Jun 1975	K Block-D
54	75097	Cosmos 0775	8 Oct 1975	K Block-DM
55	n/a	Luna (24a)	16 Oct 1975	K Block-D	Failure
56	75123	Raduga 01	22 Dec 1975	K Block-DM
57	76057	Salyut 5 [OPS 3]	22 Jun 1976	K
58	76081	Luna 24	9 Aug 1976	K Block-D
59	76092	Raduga 02	11 Sep 1976	K Block-DM
60	76107	Ekran 01	26 Oct 1976	K Block-DM
61	76121	Cosmos 881 Cosmos 882 [Merkur #1, #2]	15 Dec 1976	K
62	77066	Cosmos 929 [TKS Merkur #1]	17 Jun 1977	K
63	77071	Raduga 03	23 Jul 1977	K Block-DM
64	77077	Cosmos (937) Cosmos (938) [Merkur #3, #4]	4 Aug 1977	K	Failure
65	77092	Ekran 02	20 Sep 1977	K Block-DM
66	77097	Salyut 6 [DOS 5]	29 Sep 1977	K
67	78032	Cosmos 997 Cosmos 998 [Merkur #5, #6]	30 Mar 1978	K
68	n/a	Ekran (3a)	27 May 1978	K Block-DM	Failure
69	78073	Raduga 04	18 Jul 1978	K Block-DM
70	n/a	Ekran (3b)	17 Aug 1978	K Block-DM	Failure
71	78084	Venera 11	9 Sep 1978	K Block-DM
72	78086	Venera 12	14 Sep 1978	K Block-DM
73	n/a	Ekran (3c)	17 Oct 1978	K Block-DM	Failure
74	78118	Gorizont 01	19 Dec 1978	K Block-DM	Partial failure: Stage 4 failed to reignite
75	n/a	Cosmos (1070) / Cosmos (1071) [Merkur #7, #8]	5 Jan 1979	K	Failure
76	79015	Ekran 03	21 Feb 1979	K Block-DM
77	79035	Raduga 05	25 Apr 1979	K Block-DM
78	79042	Cosmos 1100 / Cosmos 1101 [Merkur #9, #10]	22 May 1979	K
79	79062	Gorizont 02	5 Jul 1979	K Block-DM
80	79087	Ekran 04	3 Oct 1979	K Block-DM
81	79105	Gorizont 03	28 Dec 1979	K Block-DM
82	80016	Raduga 06	20 Feb 1980	K Block-DM
83	80049	Gorizont 04	14 Jun 1980	K Block-DM
84	80060	Ekran 05	15 Jul 1980	K Block-DM
85	80081	Raduga 07	5 Oct 1980	K Block-DM
86	80104	Ekran 06	26 Dec 1980	K Block-DM
87	81027	Raduga 08	18 Mar 1981	K Block-DM
88	81039	Cosmos 1267	25 Apr 1981	K
89	81061	Ekran 07	26 Jun 1981	K Block-DM
90	81069	Raduga 09	30 Jul 1981	K Block-DM
91	81102	Raduga 10	9 Oct 1981	K Block-DM
92	81106	Venera 13	30 Oct 1981	K Block-DM
93	81110	Venera 14	4 Nov 1981	K Block-DM
94	82009	Ekran 08	5 Feb 1982	K Block-DM
95	82020	Gorizont 05	15 Mar 1982	K Block-DM
96	82033	Salyut 7 [DOS 6]	19 Apr 1982	K
97	82044	Cosmos 1366	17 May 1982	K Block-DM
98	n/a	Ekran (9a)	23 Jul 1982	K Block-DM	Failure
99	82093	Ekran 09	16 Sep 1982	K Block-DM
100	82100	Cosmos 1414 [Uragan #1]/Cosmos 1413,1415[Dummy]	12 Oct 1982	K Block-DM2
101	82103	Gorizont 06	20 Oct 1982	K Block-DM2
102	82113	Raduga 11	26 Nov 1982	K Block-DM2
103	n/a	Raduga (12a)	24 Dec 1982	K Block-DM2	Failure
104	83013	Cosmos 1443	2 Mar 1983	K
105	83016	Ekran 10	12 Mar 1983	K Block-DM2
106	83020	Astron	23 Mar 1983	K Block-DM2
107	83028	Raduga 12	8 Apr 1983	K Block-DM2
108	83053	Venera 15	2 Jun 1983	K Block-DM2
109	83054	Venera 16	7 Jun 1983	K Block-DM2
110	83066	Gorizont 07	1 Jul 1983	K Block-DM2
111	83084	Cosmos 1490-1491 [Uragan #2,3]/Cosmos 1492[Dummy]	10 Aug 1983	K Block-DM2
112	83088	Raduga 13	25 Aug 1983	K Block-DM2
113	83100	Ekran 11	29 Sep 1983	K Block-DM2
114	83118	Gorizont 08	30 Nov 1983	K Block-DM2
115	83127	Cosmos 1519-1520 [Uragan #4,5]/Cosmos 1521[Dummy]	29 Dec 1983	K Block-DM2
116	84016	Raduga 14	15 Feb 1984	K Block-DM2
117	84022	Cosmos 1540	2 Mar 1984	K Block-DM2
118	84028	Ekran 12	16 Mar 1984	K Block-DM2
119	84031	Cosmos 1546	29 Mar 1984	K Block-DM2
120	84041	Gorizont 09	22 Apr 1984	K Block-DM2
121	84047	Cosmos 1554-1555 [Uragan #6,7]/Cosmos 1556[Dummy]	19 May 1984	K Block-DM2
122	84063	Raduga 15	22 Jun 1984	K Block-DM2
123	84078	Gorizont 10	1 Aug 1984	K Block-DM2
124	84090	Ekran 13	24 Aug 1984	K Block-DM2
125	84095	Cosmos 1593,1595 [Uragan #8,9]/Cosmos 1594[Dummy]	4 Sep 1984	K Block-DM2
126	84106	Cosmos 1603 [ Tselina-2 #1]	28 Sep 1984	K Block-DM2
127	84125	Vega 1	15 Dec 1984	K Block-DM2
128	84128	Vega 2	21 Dec 1984	K Block-DM2
129	85007	Gorizont 11	18 Jan 1985	K Block-DM2
130	85016	Cosmos 1629	21 Feb 1985	K Block-DM2
131	85024	Ekran 14	22 Mar 1985	K Block-DM2
132	85037	Cosmos 1650-1651 [Uragan #10-11]/Cosmos-1652[Dummy]	17 May 1985	K Block-DM2
133	85042	Cosmos 1656 [ Tselina-2 #2]	30 May 1985	K Block-DM2
134	85070	Raduga 16	8 Aug 1985	K Block-DM2
135	85086	Cosmos 1686 [TKS Merkur #4]	27 Sep 1985	K
136	85102	Cosmos 1700 [Luch #1, Altair #1]	25 Oct 1985	K Block-DM2
137	85107	Raduga 17	15 Nov 1985	K Block-DM2
138	85118	Cosmos 1710-1711 [Uragan #12-13]/Cosmos-1712[Dummy]	24 Dec 1985	K Block-DM2
139	86007	Raduga 18	17 Jan 1986	K Block-DM2
140	86017	Mir 1 [DOS 7]	19 Feb 1986	K
141	86027	Cosmos 1738	4 Apr 1986	K Block-DM2
142	86038	Ekran 15	24 May 1986	K Block-DM2
143	86044	Gorizont 12	10 Jun 1986	K Block-DM2
144	86071	Cosmos 1778-1780 [Uragan #14-16]	16 Sep 1986	K Block-DM2
145	86082	Raduga 19	25 Oct 1986	K Block-DM2
146	86090	Gorizont 13	18 Nov 1986	K Block-DM2
147	87002	Cosmos [1811] [Almaz-T #1]	29 Dec 1986	K	Failure
148	87010	Cosmos 1817 <Geosynch Failure>	30 Jan 1987	K Block-DM2	Partial failure: Stage 4 failed
149	87028	Raduga 20	19 Mar 1987	K Block-DM2
150	87030	Kvant 1	31 Mar 1987	K
151	87036	Cosmos 1838-1840 [Uragan #17-19]	24 Apr 1987	K Block-DM2	Partial failure: Stage 4 failed to reignite
152	87040	Gorizont 14	11 May 1987	K Block-DM2
153	87064	Cosmos 1870	25 Jul 1987	K
154	87073	Ekran 16	3 Sep 1987	K Block-DM2
155	87079	Cosmos 1883-1885 [Uragan #20-22]	16 Sep 1987	K Block-DM2
156	87084	Cosmos 1888	1 Oct 1987	K Block-DM2
157	87091	Cosmos 1894	28 Oct 1987	K Block-DM2
158	87096	Cosmos 1897	26 Nov 1987	K Block-DM2
159	87100	Raduga 21	10 Dec 1987	K Block-DM2
160	87109	Ekran 17	27 Dec 1987	K Block-DM2
161	n/a	Gorizont [15]	18 Jan 1988	K Block-DM2	Failure: Stage 3 failed
162	88009	Cosmos 1917-1919 [Uragan #23-25]	17 Feb 1988	K Block-DM2	Partial failure: Stage 4 failed
163	88028	Gorizont 15	31 Mar 1988	K Block-DM2
164	88034	Cosmos 1940 [Prognoz #1]	26 Apr 1988	K Block-DM2
165	88036	Ekran 18	6 May 1988	K Block-DM2
166	88043	Cosmos 1946-1948 [Uragan #26-28]	21 May 1988	K Block-DM2
167	88058	Fobos 1	7 Jul 1988	K Block-DM2
168	88059	Fobos 2	12 Jul 1988	K Block-DM2
169	88066	Cosmos 1961	1 Aug 1988	K Block-DM2
170	88071	Gorizont 16	18 Aug 1988	K Block-DM2
171	88085	Cosmos 1970 Cosmos 1971 Cosmos 1972	16 Sep 1988	K Block-DM2
172	88095	Raduga 22	20 Oct 1988	K Block-DM2
173	88108	Ekran 19	10 Dec 1988	K Block-DM2
174	89001	Cosmos 1987 Cosmos 1988 Cosmos 1989	10 Jan 1989	K Block-DM2
175	89004	Gorizont 17	26 Jan 1989	K Block-DM2
176	89030	Raduga 23	14 Apr 1989	K Block-DM2
177	89039	Cosmos 2022 Cosmos 2023 Cosmos 2024	31 May 1989	K Block-DM2
178	89048	Raduga 1-1	21 Jun 1989	K Block-DM2
179	89052	Gorizont 18	5 Jul 1989	K Block-DM2
180	89081	Gorizont 19	28 Sep 1989	K Block-DM2
181	89093	Kvant 2	26 Nov 1989	K
182	89096	Granat	1 Dec 1989	K Block-DM2
183	89098	Raduga 24	15 Dec 1989	K Block-DM2
184	89101	Cosmos 2054	27 Dec 1989	K Block-DM2
185	90016	Raduga 25	15 Feb 1990	K Block-DM2
186	90045	Cosmos 2079 Cosmos 2080 Cosmos 2081	19 May 1990	K Block-DM2
187	90048	Kristall	31 May 1990	K
188	90054	Gorizont 20	20 Jun 1990	K Block-DM2
189	90061	Cosmos 2085	18 Jul 1990	K Block-DM2
190		?	9 Aug 1990	K Block-DM2	Failure: Stage 2 failed due to forgotten rag in a fuel line
191	90094	Gorizont 21	3 Nov 1990	K Block-DM2
192	90102	Gorizont 22	23 Nov 1990	K Block-DM2
193	90110	Cosmos 2109 Cosmos 2110 Cosmos 2111	8 Dec 1990	K Block-DM2
194	90112	Raduga 26	20 Dec 1990	K Block-DM2
195	90116	Raduga 1-2	27 Dec 1990	K Block-DM2
196	91010	Cosmos 2133	14 Feb 1991	K Block-DM2
197	91014	Raduga 27	28 Feb 1991	K Block-DM2
198	91024	Almaz 1 [Almaz-T #3]	31 Mar 1991	K
199	91025	Cosmos 2139 Cosmos 2140 Cosmos 2141	4 Apr 1991	K Block-DM2
200	91046	Gorizont 23	2 Jul 1991	K Block-DM2
201	91064	Cosmos 2155	13 Sep 1991	K Block-DM2
202	91074	Gorizont 24	23 Oct 1991	K Block-DM2
203	91079	Cosmos 2172	22 Nov 1991	K Block-DM2
204	91087	Raduga 28	19 Dec 1991	K Block-DM2
205	92005	Cosmos 2177 Cosmos 2178 Cosmos 2179	29 Jan 1992	K Block-DM2
206	92017	Gorizont 25	2 Apr 1992	K Block-DM2
207	92043	Gorizont 26	14 Jul 1992	K Block-DM2
208	92047	Cosmos 2204 Cosmos 2205 Cosmos 2206	29 Jul 1992	K Block-DM2
209	92059	Cosmos 2209	10 Sep 1992	K Block-DM2
210	92074	Ekran 20	30 Oct 1992	K Block-DM2
211	92082	Gorizont 27	27 Nov 1992	K Block-DM2
212	92088	Cosmos 2224	17 Dec 1992	K Block-DM2
213	93010	Cosmos 2234 Cosmos 2235 Cosmos 2236	17 Feb 1993	K Block-DM2
214	93013	Raduga 29	25 Mar 1993	K Block-DM2
215	n/a	Gorizont #39	27 May 1993	K Block-DM2	Failure: Stage 2 failed because contaminated UDMH destroyed an engine
216	93062	Raduga 30	30 Sep 1993	K Block-DM2
217	93069	Gorizont 28	28 Oct 1993	K Block-DM2
218	93072	Gorizont 29	18 Nov 1993	K Block-DM2
219	94002	Gals 1	20 Jan 1994	K Block-DM2M
220	94008	Raduga 1-3	5 Feb 1994	K Block-DM2
221	94012	Raduga 31	18 Feb 1994	K Block-DM2
222	94021	Cosmos 2275 Cosmos 2276 Cosmos 2277	11 Apr 1994	K Block-DM2
223	94030	Gorizont 30	20 May 1994	K Block-DM2
224	94038	Cosmos 2282	6 Jul 1994	K Block-DM2
225	94050	Cosmos 2287 Cosmos 2288 Cosmos 2289	11 Aug 1994	K Block-DM2
226	94060	Cosmos 2291	21 Sep 1994	K Block-DM2
227	94067	Express 1	13 Oct 1994	K Block-DM2M
228	94069	Electro 1	31 Oct 1994	K Block-DM2M
229	94076	Cosmos 2294 Cosmos 2295 Cosmos 2296	20 Nov 1994	K Block-DM2
230	94082	Luch 0	16 Dec 1994	K Block-DM2
231	94087	Raduga 32	28 Dec 1994	K Block-DM2
232	95009	Cosmos 2307 Cosmos 2308 Cosmos 2309	7 Mar 1995	K Block-DM2
233	95024	Spektr	20 May 1995	K
234	95037	Cosmos 2316 Cosmos 2317 Cosmos 2318	24 Jul 1995	K Block-DM2
235	95045	Cosmos 2319	30 Aug 1995	K Block-DM2
236	95054	Luch 1	11 Oct 1995	K Block-DM2M
237	95063	Gals 2	17 Nov 1995	K Block-DM2
238	95068	Cosmos 2323 Cosmos 2324 Cosmos 2325	14 Dec 1995	?
239	96005	Gorizont 31	25 Jan 1996	K Block-DM2
240	96010	Raduga 33	19 Feb 1996	K Block-DM2
241	96021	Astra 1F	8 Apr 1996 at 23:09 UT	K Block-DM3C	modified DM with less mass and SAAB adapter
242	96023	Priroda	23 Apr 1996	K
243	96022	Gorizont 32	25 May 1996	K Block-DM2
244	96053	Inmarsat 3F2	6 Sep 1996 at 17:37 UT	K Block-DM1C	single burn for GEO injection
245	96058	Express 2	26 Sep 1996 at 17:51 UT	K Block-DM2M
246	96064	Mars 96	16 Nov 1996	K Block-D2
247	97026	Telstar 5	24 May 1997 at 17.00 UT	K Block-DM4C
248	97028	Cosmos 2344	6 Jun 1997 at 17:57 UT	K Block-DM5
249	97030	A: Iridium 14 B: Iridium 12 C: Iridium 10 D: Iridium 09 E: Iridium 13 F: Iridium 16 G: Iridium 11	18 Jun 1997 at 14:02 UT	K Block-DM2C
250	97041	Cosmos 2345	14 Aug 1997 at 20:49 UT	K Block-DM2	164 x 190 km x 53.2°
251	97046	Panamsat 5	28 Aug 1997 at 00:33 UT	K Block-DM3C	214 x 36018 km x 51.6°
252	97051	A: Iridium 29 B: Iridium 32 C: Iridium 33 D: Iridium 27 E: Iridium 28 F: Iridium 30 G: Iridium 31	14 Sep 1997 at 01:36 UT	K Block-DM2C	516 x 516 km x 86.6°
253	97070	Coupon 1	12 Nov 1997 at 17:00 UT	K Block-DM2
254	97076	Astra 1G	2 Dec 1997 at 23:10 UT	K Block-DM3C
255	97086	Asiasat 3	24 Dec 1997 at 23:19 UT	K Block-DM3C	Partial failure: second burn of the Block DM3 failed and left the satellite in GTO (240 x 36000 km x 51.6°) Problem with a joint in the 11D58M motor.
256	98021	A: Iridium 62 B: Iridium 63 C: Iridium 64 D: Iridium 65 E: Iridium 66 F: Iridium 67 G: Iridium 68	7 Apr 1998 at 02:13 UT	K Block-DM2C
257	98025	Cosmos 2350	29 Apr 1998 at 04:40 UT	K Block-DM2
258	98028	Echostar 4	7 May 1998 at 23:45 UT	K Block-DM3C
259	98050	Astra 2A	30 Aug 1998 at 00:31 UT	K Block-DM3C
260	98065	Panamsat 8	4 Nov 1998 at 05:12 UT	K Block-DM3C
261	98067	Zarya	20 Nov 1998 at 06:40 UT	K
262	98077	A: Cosmos 2362 B: Cosmos 2363 C: Cosmos 2364	30 Dec 1998 at 18:35 UT	K Block-DM2
263	99005	Telstar 6	15 Feb 1999 at 05:12 UT	K Block-DM3C
264	99010	Raduga 1-4	28 Feb 1999 at 04:00 UT	K Block-DM2
265	99013	Asiasat 3S	21 Mar 1999 at 00:09 UT	K Block-DM3C
266	99027	Nimiq 1	20 May 1999 at 22:30 UT	K Block-DM3C	7050 x 35790 km x 15.9°
267	99033	Astra 1H	18 Jun 1999 at 01:49 UT	K Block-DM3C	7474 x 35842 km x 16.4°
268	n/a	Raduga	05 Jul 1999 at 13:32 UT	K Briz-M	Failure: second stage. One of the motors failed, melted and caused an explosion
269	99047	A: Yamal 101 B: Yamal 102	6 Sep 1999 at 16:36 UT
270	99053	LMI 1	26 Sep 1999 at 22:30 UT	K Block-DM3C
271	n/a	Express A1	27 Oct 1999 at 16:16	K	Failure: second stage: various debris were found in the combustion chamber. Something was probably left there at fabrication in 1992.
272	00011	Garuda 1	12 Feb 2000 at 09:10 UT	K Block-DM3C	6348 x 36007 km
273	00013	Express A2	12 Mar 2000 at 04:07 UT	K
274	00019	Eutelsat Sesat 1	17 Apr 2000 at 21:06 UT	K
275	00029	Gorizont 33	6 Jun 2000 at 02:59 UT	K Briz-M
276	00031	Express A3	23 Jun 2000 at 23:28 UT	K DM2M
277	00035	Radiosat 1	30 Jun 2000 at 22:08 UT	K Block-DM3C
278	00036	Cosmos 2371	4 Jul 2000 at 23:44 UT	K DM2?
279	00037	Zveda	12 Jul 2000 at 04:56 UT	K
280	00049	Raduga 1-5	28 Aug 2000 at 20:08 UT	K DM2?
281	00051	Radiosat 2	5 Sep 2000 at 09:43 UT	K Block-DM3C
282	00059	GE 1A	1 Oct 2000 at 22:00 UT	K Block-DM3C	7400 x 35786 km
283	00063	A: Cosmos 2374 B: Cosmos 2375 C: Cosmos 2376	13 Oct 2000 at 14:12 UT	K Block-DM2
284	00067	GE 6	21 Oct 2000 at 22:00 UT	K Block-DM3C	5850 x 35726 km x 18.7°
285	00077	Radiosat 3	30 Nov 2000 at 19:59 UT	K Block-DM3C
286	01014	Ekran 21	7 Apr 2001 at 03:47 UT	M Briz-M
287	01019	Panamsat 10	15 May 2001 at 01:11 UT	K Block-DM3C	7141 x 35995 km x 17°
288	01025	Astra 2C	16 Jun 2001 at 01:49 UT	K Block-DM3C
289	01037	Cosmos 2379	24 Aug 2001 at 02:34 UT	K Block-DM2
290	01045	Raduga 1-6	6 Oct 2001 at 16:45 UT	K DM2
291	01053	A: Cosmos 2380 B: Cosmos 2381 C: Cosmos 2382	1 Dec 2001 at 18:04 UT	K Block-DM2
292	02016	Intelsat 903	30 Mar 2002 at 17:24 UT	K Block-DM3C	3500 x 35786 km x 25°
293	02023	Tempo 1	7 May 2002 at 17:00 UT	K Block-DM3C	6600 x 35786 km x 17.6°
294	02029	Express A1R	10 Jun 2002 at 01:41 UT	K DM2
295	02037	Cosmos 2392	25 Jul 2002 at 15:13 UT	K DM5
296	02039	Echostar 8	22 Aug 2002 at 05:15 UT	K Block-DM3C	4300 x 35800 km x 23°
297	02048	Integral	17 Oct 2002 at 04:41 UT	K Block-DM2	9000 x 150000 km x 51.5°
298	02053	Astra 1K	25 Nov 2002 at 23:04 UT	K Block-DM3C	Failure: the DM3C stage's engine experienced excessive temperatures and was destroyed during second ignition.
299	02060	A: Cosmos 2394 B: Cosmos 2395 C: Cosmos 2396	25 Dec 2002 at 07:38 UT	K Block-DM2
300	02062	Nimiq 2	29 Dec 2002 at 23:17 UT	M Briz-M
301	03015	Cosmos 2397	24 Apr 2003 at 04:23 UT	K Block-DM2
302	03024	GE 9	06 Jun 2003 at 22:15 UT	K Briz-M
303	03053	A: Yamal 201 B: Yamal 202	24 Nov 2003 at 06:22 UT	K Block-DM2M
304	03056	A: Cosmos 2402 B: Cosmos 2403 C: Cosmos 2404	10 Dec 2003 at 17:42 UT	K Block-DM2
305	03059	Express AM22	28 Dec 2003 at 23:00 UT	K Block-DM2M
306	04008	Eutelsat W3A	15 Mar 2004 at 23:06 UT	M Briz-M
307	04010	Cosmos 2406	27 Mar 2004 at 03:30 UT	K DM2?
308	04015	Express AM11	26 Apr 2004 at 20:37 UT	K Block-DM2M
309	04022	Intelsat 1002	16 Jun 2004 at 22:27 UT	M Briz-M	309 x 12967 km x 49.7°
310	04031	Amazonas	4 Aug 2004 at 22:32 UT	M Briz-M	3142 x 35789 km x 9.1°
311	04041	GE 15	14 Oct 2004 at 21:23 UT	M Briz-M	890 x 35765 km x 49°
312	04043	Express AM1	29 Oct 2004 at 22:11 UT	K Block-DM2M
313	04053	A: Cosmos 2411 B: Cosmos 2412 C: Cosmos 2413	26 Dec 2004 at 13:54 UT	K Block-DM2
314	05003	GE 1i / AMC 12	3 Feb 2005 at 02:27 UT	M Briz-M
315	05010	Express AM2	29 Mar 2005 at 21:31 UT	K Block-DM2M
316	05019	DirecTV 8	22 May 2005 at 17:59 UT	M Briz-M	15139 x 35786 km x 7.9°
317	05023	Express AM3	24 Jun 2005 at 19:41 UT	K Block-DM2M
318	05036	Anik F1R	08 Sep 2005 at 21:53 UT	M Briz-M	3171 x 35608 km x 10°
319	05050	A: Cosmos 2417 B: Cosmos 2418 C: Cosmos 2419	25 Dec 2005 at 05:07 UT	K Block-DM2
320	05052	AMC 23	29 Dec 2005 at 02:28 UT	M Briz-M
321	06006	Arabsat 4A	28 Feb 2006 at 20:10 UT	M Briz-M	Partial failure: early shutdown of the 2nd burn of Briz-M (foreign particle cause) 505 x 14695 km x 51.5°
322	06022	KazSat 1	18 Jun 2006 at 22:44 UT	K Block-DM2M
323	06032	Hotbird 8	4 Aug 2006 at 21:48 UT	M Briz-M	3857 x 38504 km x 13.0°
324	06051	Arabsat 4B	8 Nov 2006 at 20:01 UT	M Briz-M
325	06056	Measat 3	11 Dec 2006 at 23:28 UT	M Briz-M
326	06062	A: Cosmos 2424 B: Cosmos 2425 C: Cosmos 2426	25 Dec 2006 at 20:18 UT	K Block-DM2
327	07009	Anik F3	9 Apr 2007 at 2254 UT	M Briz-M	5514 x 35771 km x 11°
328	07032	DirecTV 10	7 Jul 2007 at 01:16 UT	M Briz-M
329	n/a	Jcsat 11	5 Sep 2007 at 22:43 UT	M Briz-M	Failure: pyro controle cable of the separation between stage 1 and 2 failed, causing the separation failure 139 seconds into flight
330	07052	A: Cosmos 2431 B: Cosmos 2432 C: Cosmos 2433	26 Oct 2007 at 07:35 UT	K Block-DM2
331	07057	Sirius 4	17 Nov 2007 at 22:39 UT	M Briz-M
332	07058	Raduga 1-8	9 Dec 2007 at 00:19 UT	M Briz-M
333	07065	A: Cosmos 2435 B: Cosmos 2436 C: Cosmos 2434	25 Dec 2007 at 19:32 UT	M Block DM2
334	08003	Express AM33	29 Jan 2008 at 00:18 UT	M Briz-M	405 x 35550 km x 46.2°
335	08006	Thor 2R	11 Feb 2008 at 11:34 UT	M Briz-M
336	08011	GE 14	14 Mar 2008 at 23:18 UT	M Briz-M	Partial failure: Briz-M shut down 2 minutes early (only 28000 km apogee) because of a broken gas duct.
337	08033	Cosmos 2440	26 Jun 2008 at 23:59 UT	K Block-DM2
338	08039	Inmarsat 4F3	18 Aug 2008 at 22:43 UT	M Briz-M
339	08044	Nimiq 4	19 Sep 2008 at 21:48 UT	M Briz-M
340	08046	A: Cosmos 2442 B: Cosmos 2443 C: Cosmos 2444	25 Sep 2008 at 08:49 UT	M Block DM2
341	08057	Astra 1M	5 Nov 2008 at 20:44 UT	M Briz-M
342	08036	Ciel 2	10 Dec 2008 at 13:43 UT	M Briz-M
343	08067	A: Cosmos 2447 B: Cosmos 2448 C: Cosmos 2449	25 Dec 2008 at 10:43 UT	M Block DM2
344	09007	A: Express AM44 B: Express MD1	11 Feb 2009 at 00:03 UT	M Briz-M
345	09010	Raduga 1-9	28 Feb 2009 at 04:10 UT	M Block DM2
346	09016	Eutelsat W2A	3 Apr 2009 at 16:24 UT	M Briz-M
347	09027	ProtoStar 2	16 May 2009 at 00:58 UT	M Briz-M
348	09034	Radiosat 5	30 Jun 2009 at 19.10 UT	M Briz-M
349	09042	Asiasat 5	11 Aug 2009 at 19:47 UT	M Briz-M
359	09050	Nimiq 5	17 Sep 2009 at 19:19 UT	M Briz-M
360	09065	Eutelsat W7	24 Nov 2009 at 14:19 UT	M Briz-M
361	09070	A: Cosmos 2456 B: Cosmos 2458 C: Cosmos 2457	14 Dec 2009 at 10:38 UT	M Block DM2
362	09075	Directv 12	29 Dec 2009 at 00:22 UT	M Briz-M	5120 x 35786 km x 20.7°
363	10002	Raduga 1-10	28 Jan 2010 at 00:18 UT	M Briz-M
364	10006	Intelsat 16	12 Feb 2010 at 00:39 UT	M Briz-M enh	37515 x 38009 km x 0.1°
365	10007	A: Cosmos 2459 B: Cosmos 2460 C: Cosmos 2461	1 Mar 2010 at 21:19 UT	M Block DM2
366	10010	Echostar 14	20 Mar 2010 at 18:27 UT	M Briz-M
367	10016	SES 1	24 Apr 2010	M Briz-M
368	10025	Arabsat 5B	4 Jun 2010 at 11:00 UT	M Briz-M
369	10034	Echostar 15	11 Jul 2010 at 18:40 UT	M Briz-M
370	10041	A: Cosmos 2464 B: Cosmos 2465 C: Cosmos 2466	02 Sep 2010 at 00:53 UT	M Block DM2
371	10053	XM 5	14 Oct 2010 at 18:53 UT	M Briz-M
372	10061	MSV 1	14 Nov 2010 at 17:29 UT	M Briz-M
373	n/a	3 Glonass	05 Dec 2010 at 10:25 UT	M Block DM3	Failure: (new) 3rd stage over-fueled because of larger tank
374	10069	Kasat	26 Dec 2010 at 21:51 UT	M Briz-M
375	11021	Estrela Do Sul 2	20 May 2011 at 19:15 UT	M Briz-M
376	11035	A: SES 3 B: Kazsat 2	15 Jul 2011 at 23:16 UT	M Briz-M
377	11045	A: Express AM4	18 Aug 2011 at 21:25 UT	M Briz-M	Partial Failure: 3rd stage delivered the satellite in the wrong orbit (694 x 20242 km): Briz-M gyro platform issue
378	11048	Cosmos 2473	20 Sep 2011 at 22:47 UT	M Briz-M
379	11054	Quetzsat	29 Sep 2011 at 18:32 UT	M Briz-M
380	11059	Viasat 1	19 Oct 2011 at 18:48 UT	M Briz-M
381	11064	A: Cosmos 2475 B: Cosmos 2476 C: Cosmos 2477	04 Nov 2011 at 12:52 UT	M Briz-M enh
382	11069	Asiasat 7	25 Nov 2011 at 19:10 UT	M-Briz-M
383	11074	A: Amos 5 B: Luch 5A	11 Dec 2011 at 11:17 UT	M-Briz-M
384	12007	NSS 14	14 Feb 2012 at 19:36 UT	M-Briz-M
385	12011	Intelsat 22	25 Mar 2012 at 12:10 UT	M-Briz-M
386	12012	Cosmos 2479	30 Mar 2012 at 05:49 UT	K Block-DM2
387	12016	Yahsat 1B	23 Apr 2012 at 22:18 UT	M-Briz-M
388	12026	Nimiq 6	17 May 2012 at 19:12 UT	M-Briz-M
389	12036	Astra 4B	9 Jul 2012 at 18:38 UT	M-Briz-M
390	12044	A: Telkom 3 B: Express MD2	6 Aug 2012 at 19:31 UT	M-Briz-M	partial failure: Briz M did not deliver the satellite in GTO (hardware fuel feed issue) 266 x 5015 km x 49.9°
391	12057	Intelsat 23	14 Oct 2012 at 12:37 UT	M-Briz-M
392	12061	A: Yamal 300K B: Luch 5B	2 Nov 2012 at 21:04 UT	M-Briz-M
393	12065	Echostar 16	20 Nov 2012 at 18:31 UT	M-Briz-M
394	12070	Yamal 402	8 Dec 2012 at 13:13 UT	M-Briz-M	partial failure: deployed in a lower than planned orbit
395	13012	Satmex 8	26 Mar 2013 at 19:07 UT	M-Briz-M
396	13014	Anik G1	15 Apr 2013 at 18:36 UT	M-Briz-M
397	13022	Eutelsat 3D	14 May 2013 at 16:02 UT	M-Briz-M
398	13026	SES 6	3 Jun 2013 at 09:18 UT	M-Briz-M	4461 x 65024 km x 26.4°
399	n/a	3 Glonass	2 Jul 2013 at 02:38 UT	M Block DM3	Failure: first stage veered off-course 10 seconds into the flight because of wrongly installed sensors
400	13056	Astra 2E	29 Sep 2013 at 21:38 UT	M-Briz-M
401	13058	Radiosat 6 / Sirius FM6	25 Oct 2013 at 18:08 UT	M-Briz-M
402	13062	Raduga 1-11	11 Nov 2013 at 23:46 UT	M-Briz-M
403	13073	Inmarsat 5F1	8 Dec 2013 at 12:12 UT	M-Briz-M
404	13077	Express AM5	26 Dec 2013 at 10:49 UT	M-Briz-M
405	14007	Turksat 4A	14 Feb 2014 at 21:09 UT	M-Briz-M
406	14010	A: Express AT1 B: Express AT2	15 Mar 2014 at 23:08 UT	M-Briz-M
407	14023	A: Luch 5V B: Kazsat 3	28 Apr 2014 at 04:25 UT	M-Briz-M
408	n/a	Express AM4R	15 May 2014 at 21:42 UT	M-Briz-M	Failure: 3rd stage engine turbo pump defect or fuel leak leading to propulsion failure
409	14058	Luch 5O	27 Sep 2014 at 20:23 UT	M-Briz-M
410	14064	Express AM6	21 Oct 2014 at 15:09 UT	M-Briz-M	31307x37784 km x 0.7° (lower than expected)
411	14082	Yamal 401	15 Dec 2014 at 00:16 UT	M-Briz-M
412	14089	Astra 2G	27 Dec 2014 at 21:37 UT	M-Briz-M
413	15004	Inmarsat 5F2	1 Feb 2015 at 21:37 UT	M-Briz-M	4366 x 64698 km x 26.8°
414	15012	Express AM7	13 Mar 2015 at 22:05 UT	M-Briz-M
415	n/a	Mexsat 1	16 May 2015 at 05:47 UT	M-Briz-M	failure: 3rd stage, excessive vibrations
416	15042	Inmarsat 5F3	28 Aug 2015 at 11:44 UT	M-Briz-M
417	15048	Express AM8	14 Sep 2015 at 19:00 UT	M Block DM3
418	15060	Turksat 4B	16 Oct 2015 at 20:40 UT	M-Briz-M
419	15075	Cosmos 2513	13 Dec 2015 at 00:17 UT	M-Briz-M
420	15082	Express AMU1	24 Dec 2015 21:31 UT	M-Briz-M
421	16005	Eutelsat 9B	29 Jan 2016 at 22:20 UT	M-Briz-M	4,371 x 35,687 km x 12.05°
422	16017	ExoMars	14 Mar 2016 at 09:31 UT	M-Briz-M
423	16035	Intelsat 31	9 Jun 2016 at 07:10 UT	M-Briz-M	Partial failure: one of the second stage motor shutdown early (28.2 m/s velocity lacking). The Briz-M was able to compensate
424	17032	Echostar 21	8 Jun 2017 at 03:45 UT	M-Briz-M
425	17046	Cosmos 2520	16 Aug 2017 at 22:07 UT	M-Briz-M
426	17053	Amazonas 5	11 Sep 2017 at 19:23 UT	M-Briz-M
427	17057	Asiasat 9	28 Sep 2017 at 18:52 UT	M-Briz-M
428	18037	Cosmos 2526	18 Apr 2018 at 22:12 UT	M-Briz-M
439	18107	Cosmos 2533	21 Dec 2018 at 00:20 UT	M-Briz-M
440	19031	Yamal 601	30 May 2019 at 17:42 UT	M-Briz-M
441	19040	Spektr RG	13 Jul 2019 at 12:30 UT	M Block DM3	initial orbit: 500 x1240000 km x 51.6°
442	19048	Cosmos 2539	5 Aug 2019 at 21:56 UT	M-Briz-M
443	19067	A: Eutelsat 5 West B B: MEV 1	9 Oct 2019 at 10:17 UT	M-Briz-M
444	19095	Electro L3	24 Dec 2019 at 12:03 UT	M Block DM3
445	20053	A: Express 103 B: Express 80	30 Jul 2020 at 21:25 UT	M-Briz-M	16000 x 54900 km orbit
446	21066	Nauka	21 Jul 2021 at 14:58 TUC	M	ISS module
447	21123	Express AMU3 Express AMU7	13 Dec 2021 at12:07 UTC	M-Briz-M	Orbit reached lower than expected but still usable
448	22131	Angosat 2	12 Oct 2022 at 15:00 UTC	M Block DM3
449	23016	Electro L4	5 Feb 2023 at 09:12 UTC	M Block DM3
450	23031	Luch 5Kh	12 Mar 2023 at 23:13 UTC	M-Briz-M

Notes: All launches from Tyouratam (Baikonur).

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